海狗都生長在哪裡

海狗都生長在哪裡有沒有他的相關資料
海狗是深海哺乳動物

生活在加拿大北部北極圈內最低零下50℃高寒水域

以名貴的鱔魚為食

體內聚焦厚厚的脂肪。

其DPA、DHA、EPA的含量高達25%... 分佈在北太平洋南到白令海..東到南加州西到日本..3/4的族群生活在白令海..請參考下面資料檢視圖片Northern Fur Seal(Callorhinus ursinus)Distribution and NumbersThe Northern fur seal is found throughout the north Pacific Ocean

ranging from the Bering Sea down to southern California in the east and to central Japan in the west. Almost three quarters of the total population

about 1 million fur seals

breed on the Pribilof Islands of St. George and St. Paul in the southern Bering Sea. Other breeding sites are found on the central Kuril Islands (50

000 - 55

000)

Tyuleniy Island in the Okhotsk Sea (55

000 - 65

000)

the Commander Islands (225

000 - 230

000)

Bogoslof Island in the Aleutian Islands (5

000)

and San Miguel Island in southern California (4

300). The total world population is estimated at 1

345

000 - 1

365

000.StatusNorthern fur seals have been subjected to a great deal of intensive commercial hunting for their fur

many millions of the seals being killed following the discovery of the species in the 1700s. Such hunting

particularly unregulated hunting at sea

heavily reduced the population in the 19th and early 20th centuries and resulted in the signing in 1911 of the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention by the US

Japan

Russia and the UK (for Canada). Among other provisions

the Convention banned the hunting of Northern fur seals at sea and restricted the killing on land to immature males. An experimental hunt of females from 1956-1968 was also intended to stimulate productivity but contributed to a population decline of 6-8% per year from 1975 to 1982.檢視圖片Photo: Phillip Colla

Phillip Colla Wildlife PhotographyThe commercial hunting of immature male fur seals was discontinued on St. George Island in 1973 and on St. Paul Island in 1984

the year that the Convention lapsed. The population has remained fairly stable since the early 1980s but is about half the size it was during the 1950s. Lack of an international agreement means that the possibility of the hunting of Northern fur seals at sea in the future cannot be ruled out. Juvenile male fur seals are still killed by Aleut natives on St. George and St. Paul Islands for subsistence purposes

232 and 1

588 seals being killed on the respective islands in 1996. Fur seals are not killed on Bogoslof Island or San Miguel Island but it is thought that 0.2-2% of the population on the Asian islands are killed each year

including 1

500 males on Tyuleniy Island and 5

000 pups on the Commander Islands. The fur seals killed by Aleut natives on the Commander Islands are used to produce fur products and meat for fur farms.檢視圖片Photo: Rolf Ream

National Marine Mammal LaboratoryThe commercial fishing of Northern fur seal prey

primarily walleye pollock

in the Bering Sea is of concern. There was an estimated mortality of 5

200 Northern fur seals due to entanglement in the high seas driftnet fisheries in 1991 but these fisheries have now been discontinued. However Northern fur seals are still commonly caught by the Japanese squid driftnet fishery and a small number of seals are entangled in Alaskan gillnet and trawl fisheries. There is also concern that the Northern fur seal population on the Pribilof Islands may be being negatively affected by pollution and disturbance caused by the expansion of fishing industry support services on St. Paul Island.It has recently been reported that the waters off the Russian Sakhalin Island in the Okhotsk Sea are about to be opened to massive oil and gas development

and that tanker traffic and the extreme weather conditions in the area may lead to a major spill

affecting the important Northern fur seal breeding site on nearby Tyuleniy Island. Oil exploitation elsewhere in the species' range may also result in disturbance or pollution.Studies in the Pribilof Islands have found that a significant number of fur seals become entangled in marine debris

mainly pieces of trawl net

plastic packing bands and loops of synthetic or natural twine. Juvenile males appear to have a significantly higher rate of entanglement than adult males and females. Mortality from entanglement may have been a contributing factor in the decline of the Pribilof Islands population in the 1970s and early 1980s

but this source of mortality decreased in the late 1980s and early 1990s and is now at about half the rate observed during the decline. The San Miguel population

which primarily originated from animals born on the Pribilof Islands during the late 1950s or early 1960s

is very sensitive to decreases in prey caused by El Niño events. Up to 87% of the pups born at the colony in 1997 during the 1997-98 El Niño died before weaning and it may take the population several years to recover.The Northern fur seal is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List

and the Pribilof Islands / Bogoslof Island stock is designated as Depleted under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act. The species is protected in Canada by the 1993 Marine Mammal Regulations

except for hunting by indigenous peoples.LifestyleBreeding rookeries are generally near the continental slope and are usually rocky. Showing strong fidelity to specific sites

the adult males start arriving at the rookeries in May to establish territories that can eventually contain many females. The females start arriving in mid-June and give birth within 2 days of arrival. Pups are born with a black coat. The mother nurses her pup for 8-10 days

usually mating about 5-6 days after her pup's birth

and then leaves to feed at sea

usually feeding at night to average depths of 68m for an average of 2-3 minutes. This begins a cycle of feeding at sea for 4-10 days and returning to nurse her pup for 1-2 days

the cycle lasting for about 4 months until the pup is weaned and the mother leaves to migrate south. Call recognition is essential for mothers and pups to locate each other during the nursing period

a research study in an Alaskan breeding colony showing that mothers and their offspring were still able to recognise each other by their calls after four years of separation. The adult males remain ashore while defending their territory during the breeding season and lose up to 20% of their weight since they do not eat during this time.Adult females normally migrate south in late October - November. Some adult males start their migration in August while others stay on shore until as late as November. On migrating south

Northern fur seals spend the next 6-8 months at sea. Adult males from the Pribilof Islands generally only migrate as far south as the Gulf of Alaska

some remaining in the Bering Sea

while females and juveniles from the Pribilof Islands migrate to offshore waters along the continental shelf from Canada down to California. Females and juveniles in the west migrate as far south as Japan. Individuals are sometimes seen in inshore waters while stragglers occasionally come ashore. Many pups remain at sea for up to 22 months before returning to the breeding islands

very often to the haulouts surrounding the rookery where they were born.檢視圖片Photo: National Marine Mammal LaboratoryAdult males are usually brownish-grey but can be reddish-brown or black

while adult females have a silvery-grey back and reddish-brown front with a whitish-grey patch on the chest. Walleye pollock and squid are the most important Northern fur seal prey during the summer while the population is in the Bering Sea

but they are also known to feed to a lesser extent on sand lance

salmon

capelin

herring

mackerel

hake

anchovy and other fish. Predators include sharks

foxes

killer whales and Steller sea lions.StatisticsAdult male Northern fur seals measure an average of 2.1m in length and weigh 175-275kg

while females are smaller at an average 1.4m in length and 30-50kg. Pups are born measuring about 60cm

the males at an average of 5.4kg weighing more than the females at 4.5kg. Pup mortality in the first year is about 50%. Females reach sexual maturity at 2-5 years

males at 4-5 years

although males do not start breeding before they are about 8-9 years. The adult male reproductive peak is brief and few adult males breed for more than two seasons. The maximum recorded dive depth of a Northern fur seal is 230m. Northern fur seals can live up to about 25 years of age but have a life expectancy at birth of less than 4 years.
很多在北極

北極熊常吃海邊的海狗海豹補充:你煞到的美人魚

其實是一種很醜的海牛
以世界著名生態國家-澳大利亞為例：澳大利亞南部墨爾本市

距離約 120 公里南方的「菲力普島」（Phillip Island）

以觀賞神仙企鵝回巢聞名世界

每當夜幕低垂時

成群結隊的神仙企鵝 ( 又稱小藍企鵝 )

浩浩蕩蕩地從海中回到菲利普島夏州灣海灘上

再從沙灘上用那企鵝獨特的搖擺走路姿態

回到棲息的巢穴

而母企鵝會在各自的巢穴口

昂首企盼配偶企鵝歸巢

這樣的至情溫馨奇景

使得菲利普島成為到訪澳洲遊客最多的自然野生動物保護區之一：菲利普島企鵝保護區（Phillip Island Penguin Reserve）。

一百多年來菲利普島一直是深受歡迎的度假勝地

成為澳大利亞旅游的一大景觀

一個不能不去的地方

教您一輩子難忘

每年有五十萬的遊客。

目前在夏州灣半島開闢了340公頃的企鵝保護區

包括規劃完善周延的遊客觀賞區及公共遊樂場所在內。

此保護區以保護企鵝孵化為主

但它同時也是短尾海鷗的移居區及澳洲最大的海狗棲息地之一。

做法值得澎湖望安島借鏡。

其實海狗是我們對海獅、海豹這類海洋哺乳動物的通稱。

這是比較早期的用語。

後來因外教育比較普及

大家可以叫出這些動物的名字後

就比較少聽到這個名詞了。

最近這個詞又被使用

應該是些所謂的健康食品把它給炒出來的。

其實海狗是海豹的一種而已.沒錯.它確實是保健食品所炒出來的..只因為它的脂肪.含有比魚油更多的EPA和DHA..大家認為有炒作的空間才發展出來的..其實海狗的英文名字裡面的Seal.就是海豹..
海豹跟海狗是不一樣的 1.同為海豹科但不同種。

2.海豹(Harp Seal)棲息北半球像加拿大

海狗(Ful Seal)棲息南半球南非、澳洲等國家。

3.體型：海豹的體型較小(身長1.7m、體重130kg)

且身上佈滿不規則的斑點；而海狗的體型較大(身長1.8~2.3m、體重200~360kg)

全身披著褐色皮毛。

4.合法捕殺區域：依照CITES的核准

合法的海狗捕殺區域只有位於南半球的納米西亞。

5.以經濟價值來說：海豹的主要經濟價值為幼豹的白色皮毛。

6.以文獻來說：中國及日本古代所說的膃納指的是南半球的海狗

為稀有物種。

Pribilof Islands,Northern fur seals,Northern Fur Seal,Bering Sea,Northern fur seal,Bogoslof Island,Tyuleniy Island,fur seals,Commander Islands

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